Arduino Fire Detection Using IR Obstacle Sensor. Have you ever started an Arduino fire alarm project only to realize you don’t have a dedicated flame sensor module? Instead of stopping your project or waiting days for delivery, you can actually convert a common IR obstacle avoidance sensor into a basic flame detector.

This simple DIY electronics project is perfect for beginners learning Arduino, robotics, IoT, and sensor-based automation.

🔥 How Does It Work? Arduino Fire Detection Using IR Obstacle Sensor

An IR obstacle sensor normally works by:

• Sending infrared light from the clear IR transmitter LED
• Receiving reflected IR light using the black IR receiver

But for flame detection, we can disable the transmitter and use only the receiver.

A flame naturally emits infrared radiation, and the black IR receiver can detect this.

Components Required

• Arduino UNO / Nano
• IR Obstacle Avoidance Sensor
• LED
• 220Ω Resistor
• Breadboard
• Jumper Wires
• Black Electrical Tape
• USB Cable

Step 1 — Modify the IR Sensor

Locate the two LED-like components:

• Clear LED → IR transmitter
• Black LED → IR receiver

Important:

Cover ONLY the clear IR transmitter LED using black electrical tape.

Do NOT cover the black receiver.

This converts the module from active obstacle detection into passive flame detection mode.

Step 2 — Arduino Wiring

IR Sensor Connections

LED Connections

Step 3 — Arduino Code

int sensorPin = 9;
int ledPin = 8;

void setup() {

  pinMode(sensorPin, INPUT);
  pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);

  Serial.begin(9600);
}

void loop() {

  int value = digitalRead(sensorPin);

  Serial.print("Sensor: ");
  Serial.println(value);

  // FIRE DETECTED
  if(value == LOW) {

    digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH);

    Serial.println("🔥 FIRE DETECTED");

  }

  // NO FIRE
  else {

    digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);

    Serial.println("✅ NO FIRE");

  }

  delay(100);
}

Step 4 — Testing the Flame Detection

Use:

• Lighter
• Candle
• Small flame source

Recommended distance:

5cm – 20cm

If detection is weak:

Rotate the blue potentiometer on the IR sensor slowly until sensitivity improves.

How It Works

No Fire

• Sensor output = HIGH
• LED OFF

Fire Detected

• Sensor output = LOW
• LED ON

Important Notes

This project works well for:

✅ Arduino beginners
✅ DIY robotics
✅ Basic fire alarm demo
✅ Electronics learning
✅ IoT experiments

However, it is NOT recommended for:

❌ Industrial fire protection
❌ Safety-critical systems
❌ Real security alarm installations

Dedicated flame sensors are always more accurate and reliable.

Final Thoughts

This is one of the coolest low-cost Arduino sensor hacks because it lets you reuse a very common IR obstacle sensor module for fire detection projects.

Perfect for students, robotics workshops, and electronics hobbyists in Bangladesh learning Arduino and IoT systems.

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